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Third Siege of Gerona
The Third Siege of Gerona refers to the French Grande Armée's seven-month siege of Girona, from 6 May to 12 December 1809, a significant event in the Peninsular War.
Some 18,000 French and Westphalian troops, commanded by General Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr during much of the siege, before Marshal Pierre Augereau took command on 12 October besieged the town, which held out under General Mariano Alvarez de Castro, in command of some 5,600 regular troops and militiamen, until disease and famine compelled it to capitulate on 12 December.
==Background==
With Joseph Bonaparte having acceded to the throne of Spain in 1808, the following year, General Alvarez, commander of Montjuïc Castle in Barcelona, was ordered by his superiors to hand it over, despiting having been prepared to resist. Alvarez left Barcelona and joined the Spanish rebels against French rule. The Spanish Government in Cadiz named him commander of the Army of Catalonia and Governor of Girona, a city with a garrison of between 3,400〔(''The Edinburgh Annual Register for 1809'', p. 769. ) At Google Books. Retrieved 3 August 2013.〕–5,600 regular troops belonging to the Ultonia Regiment.
Taking command of the strategic city on 1 February 1809, he immediately started preparing its defence, requesting provisions for 7,000 men. On 1 April, he proclaimed his famous edict, to the effect that if the city were attacked, he would immediately execute anybody that mentioned surrender or capitulation. On 3 May, arms were distributed to 1717 volunteers.〔 Grahit y Papell, Emilio (1896) (''Historia de los sitios de Gerona en 1808 y 1809'', pp. 69–71. ) Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Retrieved 3 August 2013.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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